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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis

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Published on: July 23, 2014

Phosphorus Acquisition Efficiency and Transcriptomic Changes in Maize Plants Treated with Two Lignohumates.

Veronica Santoro¹, Maria Cristina Della Lucia², Ornella Francioso³

¹Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 28, 2023

Summary

This study shows lignohumate H1 effectively boosts maize growth, especially under low phosphorus conditions. It enhances nutrient uptake and plant resilience through hormonal and antioxidant mechanisms.

Keywords:

NMR biostimulant humic substances nitrogen phosphatase phytase transcriptomic via RNA-seq

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Physiology
Soil Chemistry

Background:

Lignohumates are gaining traction in agriculture, but their efficacy varies with source and processing.
Understanding the specific mechanisms of humate action is crucial for optimizing their use.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate two lignohumates (H1 and H2) for their ability to enhance maize performance under varying phosphorus (P) availability.
To elucidate the underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms responsible for humate-induced plant responses.

Main Methods:

Hydroponic cultivation of maize under low (25 μM) and high (250 μM) P conditions.
Chemical characterization of humates (elemental analysis, phenol/phytohormone content, thermal/spectroscopic analyses).
Measurement of enzyme activities (phosphatase, phytase), nutrient content (N, P), biomass, gene expression, and antioxidant capacity.

Main Results:

Lignohumate H1 significantly improved maize growth, phosphatase/phytase activity, and P acquisition efficiency under low P conditions compared to H2.
H1 exhibited higher levels of auxins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid, correlating with enhanced growth and antioxidant capacity.
Both humates increased nitrogen content and acted as biostimulants for nutrient acquisition; H1 upregulated genes related to growth, hormone signaling, defense, and P recycling.

Conclusions:

Lignohumate H1 demonstrates significant potential as a biostimulant for improving plant growth and nutrient utilization, particularly in low-P environments.
The observed benefits are attributed to hormonal modulation, enhanced antioxidant defense, and stimulated P uptake and recycling mechanisms.
H1's effectiveness highlights the importance of humate source and composition in agricultural applications.