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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Related Experiment Video

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In Situ High Pressure Hydrogen Tribological Testing of Common Polymer Materials Used in the Hydrogen Delivery Infrastructure
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Characterization of Polymeric Composites for Hydrogen Tank.

Waseem Gul1, Yu En Xia1, Pierre Gérard2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.

Polymers
|September 28, 2023
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Summary

New ring tensile specimens accurately characterize filament-wound composites for hydrogen tanks. This improves the design of high-performance, recyclable hydrogen storage solutions.

Keywords:
ASTM D2290Elium® 591carbon neutralityfilament windinghoop strengthhydrogen tankpolymer compositestress concentrationthermoplastic resin

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Composite Materials
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Growing demand for hydrogen tanks driven by carbon neutrality goals.
  • Critical need for accurate material property determination in high-performance tank design.
  • Limitations of conventional methods in underestimating material properties of filament-wound structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate alternative ring tensile specimen designs for accurate characterization of filament-wound composites.
  • To assess the mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites for hydrogen storage applications.
  • To facilitate the development of recyclable hydrogen tanks through improved material characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Development and analysis of novel ring tensile specimen designs.
  • Integration of numerical simulations and experimental investigations to validate specimen designs.
  • Application of proposed methods to characterize carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (Elium® 591).

Main Results:

  • Alternative ring tensile specimens provide accurate and reliable characterization of filament-wound structures.
  • Mechanical strengths and stiffness of Elium® 591 thermoplastic composites are comparable to traditional epoxy-based composites.
  • Validated characterization methods enable precise measurement of composite properties.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed ring tensile methods overcome limitations of conventional techniques for composite characterization.
  • Thermoplastic composites show promise for hydrogen storage tanks, matching performance of epoxy composites.
  • Enhanced material characterization accuracy is crucial for advancing recyclable hydrogen tank technology.