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Composite Bone Cements with Enhanced Drug Elution.

Kirill Cherednichenko1, Adeliya Sayfutdinova1, Denis Rimashevskiy1,2

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Natural additives like nanofibrillated cellulose enhance antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) for orthopedic surgery. These composites improve drug elution and mechanical strength, offering better infection control and treatment options.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Biomaterials
  • Polymer Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) is crucial for orthopedic infection prophylaxis and treatment.
  • Adding antibiotics to bone cement can reduce mechanical strength and limit drug elution.
  • Natural micro/nanoscale materials offer potential as additives to improve ALBC properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of natural additives (halloysite, CNC, MFC, NFC) on vancomycin-loaded bone cement.
  • To evaluate the impact of these additives on polymerization characteristics and mechanical properties.
  • To determine the optimal additive for enhanced drug release and cement performance.

Main Methods:

  • Commercial Simplex P bone cement preloaded with vancomycin was used.
  • Four natural additives (halloysite, nanocrystalline cellulose, micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose) were incorporated.
  • Polymerization (temperature, setting time, monomer leaching), drug elution, and microhardness were comprehensively studied.

Main Results:

  • All natural additives enhanced drug elution and microhardness compared to standard ALBC.
  • Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) demonstrated the best overall performance.
  • NFC improved polymerization rate, reduced monomer leaching, and increased antibiotic release and microhardness.

Conclusions:

  • Natural micro/nanoscale materials can significantly improve the properties of antibiotic-loaded bone cement.
  • Nanofibrillated cellulose is a promising additive for developing advanced bone cements with superior drug delivery and mechanical integrity.
  • These enhanced ALBC formulations hold potential for improved orthopedic infection management.