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Attosecond-Level Delay Sensing via Temporal Quantum Erasing.

Fabrizio Sgobba1, Andrea Andrisani1, Stefano Dello Russo1

  • 1Italian Space Agency (ASI), Centro Spaziale 'Giuseppe Colombo', Località Terlecchia, 75100 Matera, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a sensitive single-photon sensor using quantum interferometry. This technique enhances phase sensitivity for applications in biological sensing and optical metrology.

Keywords:
Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometrypolarization entanglementquantum eraser

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Optics
  • Photonics
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Traditional Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry is a robust single-photon technique but is insensitive to phase mismatches.
  • Existing methods lack the sensitivity required for applications like biological sensing and optical metrology, especially under low light conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive single-photon sensor for measuring birefringence-induced delay.
  • To enhance the sensitivity of HOM interferometry while maintaining its ruggedness.
  • To enable phase-sensitive measurements for low-light applications.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a temporal quantum eraser based on common-path Hong-Ou-Mandel Interferometry.
  • Introduced a post-beam splitter polarization-dependent delay to recover phase-sensitive fringes.
  • Operated the sensor in the telecom range (1550 nm).

Main Results:

  • Achieved a sensitivity of 4 attoseconds (as) for an integration time of 2 × 10^4 seconds.
  • Demonstrated a phase-sensitive temporal quantum eraser.
  • Maintained the ruggedness of the original HOM interferometer with enhanced sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed sensor offers high sensitivity for measuring birefringence-induced delay.
  • This technique is promising for applications in biological sensing and optical metrology requiring high sensitivity and low light intensity.
  • Common-path HOM interferometry with a temporal quantum eraser provides a robust platform for advanced optical sensing.