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A Sub-Aperture Overlapping Imaging Method for Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar Carried by a Small Rotor Unmanned

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  • 1Department of UAV Engineering, Shijiazhuang Campus, Army Engineering University, Shijiazhuang 050003, China.

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A new adaptive overlapping sub-aperture method enhances Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar (CSAR) imaging by considering target scattering anisotropy. This improves image detail and focusing, even without navigation data.

Keywords:
Back Projection (BP)adaptive overlapping sub-aperturecircular synthetic aperture radar (CSAR)coefficient of variationcorrelation coefficientsmall rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (SRUAV)

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Area of Science:

  • Radar Imaging
  • Signal Processing
  • Remote Sensing

Background:

  • Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar (CSAR) offers 360° target observation for high-resolution imaging.
  • Traditional sub-aperture CSAR methods often neglect target scattering anisotropy, impacting image quality, especially for Small Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SRUAVs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an adaptive overlapping sub-aperture CSAR imaging method that accounts for target scattering anisotropy.
  • To improve image fidelity and detail retention in CSAR imaging, particularly in SRUAV scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Determining sub-aperture boundaries using correlation and variation coefficients of the energy function.
  • Automatically generating overlapping sub-aperture schemes.
  • Utilizing the Back Projection (BP) algorithm for sub-aperture image generation.
  • Employing sub-aperture image registration and incoherent superposition for final image formation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method enables CSAR imaging without Inertial Navigation System (INS) or Global Positioning System (GPS) data.
  • Achieved a 66.77% increase in image entropy compared to full-aperture BP imaging.
  • Improved image entropy by 11.12% compared to standard sub-aperture methods.
  • Enhanced target detail, contour features, and focusing effect.

Conclusions:

  • The adaptive overlapping sub-aperture method effectively addresses target scattering anisotropy in CSAR imaging.
  • This technique significantly improves image quality and detail, offering a robust solution for SRUAV platforms.
  • The method demonstrates the capability for high-quality CSAR imaging even with limited or no navigation data.