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Extrinsic Nonlinear Kerr Rotation in Topological Materials under a Magnetic Field.

Shuang Wu1, Zaiyao Fei2, Zeyuan Sun1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

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Nonlinear magneto-optical second harmonic generation (SHG) reveals how crystal symmetry affects topological properties in quantum materials. Different lattice symmetries lead to distinct responses under magnetic fields, aiding in probing topological characteristics.

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Topological materialsmagneto-opticsnonlinear Kerr rotationsecond harmonic generationsymmetry

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials Science
  • Nonlinear Optics

Background:

  • Topological properties in quantum materials are intrinsically linked to symmetry, crystal structure, and external fields.
  • Symmetry-sensitive nonlinear optical measurements, particularly in a magnetic field, serve as a powerful tool for probing these properties.
  • Nonmagnetic topological materials offer a unique platform to study the interplay between topology, symmetry, and external stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nonlinear magneto-optical second harmonic generation (SHG) in nonmagnetic topological materials.
  • To analyze the influence of crystal lattice symmetry on the magnetic field-induced nonlinear Kerr rotation in SHG.
  • To elucidate the underlying physics governing the diverse magneto-SHG responses observed in different materials.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted polarization-resolved nonlinear optical second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements.
  • Applied external magnetic fields to study magneto-optical effects.
  • Investigated materials including bilayer WTe2, monolayer WSe2, and bulk TaAs.
  • Analyzed Faraday rotation to understand the interplay with crystal symmetry.

Main Results:

  • Observed nonlinear Kerr rotation in SHG polarization patterns for time-reversal symmetric materials under magnetic fields.
  • Demonstrated that materials with 3-fold rotational symmetry exhibit minimal SHG polarization rotation.
  • Showed that materials with mirror or 2-fold rotational symmetry display significant SHG polarization rotation and distortion.
  • Explained the observed phenomena through the superposition of magnetic field-induced and crystal-structure-based nonlinear optical tensors.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights the utility of magneto-SHG techniques for directly probing nontrivial topological properties in quantum materials.
  • Crystal symmetry plays a crucial role in determining the magneto-optical response of topological materials.
  • Minimizing extrinsic nonlinear Kerr rotation is essential for accurate polarization-resolved magneto-optical studies.