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Quantitative biochemical phenotypic heterogeneity of senescent macrophage at a single cell level by Synchrotron
Xiaolong Sheng1,2, Jie Wu1,2, Xun Wu1,2
1The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Abstract:
Macrophage senescence plays an important role in pathophysiological process of age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. After macrophage senescence, the biochemical phenotypes related to biological functions showed great heterogeneity. However, the biochemical phenotype and phenotypic heterogeneity of senescent macrophage has not been fully understood. Exploring the phenotype of biochemical substances in senescent macrophage will be helpful for understanding the function of senescent macrophage and finding out the potential mechanism between immune macrophage senescence and age-related diseases. In this study, we employed SR-FTIR microspectroscopy to detect the biochemical phenotype and phenotypic heterogeneity of single macrophage. The whole infrared spectra of senescent macrophages shifted, indicating biochemical substance changes within senescent macrophages. PCA and intercellular Euclidean distance statistical analysis based on specific spectra regions revealed dynamic changes of lipids and proteins during macrophage senescence. This proved that SR-FTIR microspectroscopy is an effective tool to detect the single cell biochemical phenotype transformation and phenotypic heterogeneity during macrophage senescence. It is of great significance to provide an evaluation method or clue for the study of cellular functions related to intracellular biochemical substances.
Insights
Senescent macrophages exhibit diverse biochemical changes, impacting age-related diseases. SR-FTIR microspectroscopy effectively reveals these cellular phenotype transformations and heterogeneity.
Area of Science:
- Cellular senescence
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Macrophage senescence is implicated in age-related diseases like atherosclerosis and COPD.
- Significant heterogeneity exists in the biochemical phenotypes of senescent macrophages, hindering a full understanding of their function.
- Investigating these biochemical phenotypes is crucial for elucidating mechanisms linking macrophage senescence to disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the biochemical phenotype and heterogeneity of single senescent macrophages.
- To assess the utility of SR-FTIR microspectroscopy in analyzing cellular biochemical changes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy for single-cell analysis.
- Applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and intercellular Euclidean distance statistics to spectral data.
- Focused analysis on specific spectral regions indicative of biochemical composition.
Main Results:
- SR-FTIR spectra of senescent macrophages showed distinct shifts, indicating altered biochemical composition.
- Analysis revealed dynamic changes in lipid and protein content during macrophage senescence.
- Demonstrated significant phenotypic heterogeneity among senescent macrophages.
Conclusions:
- SR-FTIR microspectroscopy is a powerful tool for detecting biochemical phenotype transformation and heterogeneity in single senescent macrophages.
- Findings provide insights into the functional consequences of macrophage senescence and its link to age-related diseases.
- This method offers a valuable approach for studying cellular functions related to intracellular biochemical substances.
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