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Exploring the Complex Relationships Between Factors That Affect Employee Cyberloafing Using a Novel Approach:

Mengmeng Song1, Farveh Farivar2, Joseph C Ugrin3

  • 1School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Employee cyberloafing is common, especially with flexible work. This study found that combinations of factors like high visibility, uncertain sanctions, and lack of non-cyberloafing rewards drive this workplace behavior.

Keywords:
cyberloafingdeterrence theoryequity theoryfuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA)rewardsanctionsocial learning theory

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational behavior
  • Workplace psychology
  • Human resource management

Background:

  • Cyberloafing, or non-work-related internet use, is a persistent workplace issue.
  • Flexible work arrangements and remote work exacerbate cyberloafing challenges.
  • Understanding the multifaceted drivers of cyberloafing is crucial for businesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and model conditions influencing employee cyberloafing.
  • To investigate the interconnected social and deterrence factors affecting cyberloafing.
  • To explore configurational impacts of multiple antecedents on high cyberloafing.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional random sample of 324 employees from 14 provinces in China.
  • Necessary condition analysis to identify essential factors for high cyberloafing.
  • Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative approach (fsQCA) to analyze causal configurations.

Main Results:

  • No single condition is necessary for high employee cyberloafing.
  • Three distinct configurations of multiple conditions equivalently lead to high cyberloafing.
  • High visibility, uncertain formal sanctions, and lack of non-cyberloafing rewards are key factors.

Conclusions:

  • Cyberloafing is driven by complex interactions of social and reinforcement factors, not isolated causes.
  • Findings challenge previous research focusing on independent antecedents.
  • Offers novel insights into the combinatorial causality of workplace cyberloafing.