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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

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Malaria and Pregnancy.

Sonja A Rasmussen1, Paul M Arguin, Denise J Jamieson

  • 1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Cape Cod, Massachusetts; and the Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine at the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnant individuals face increased risks from malaria, including severe disease and adverse birth outcomes. Prompt diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are crucial for protecting both mother and baby from this mosquito-borne illness.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Local malaria transmission identified in the U.S. (Florida, Texas, Maryland).
  • Increased international travel to malaria-endemic regions.
  • Pregnancy exacerbates malaria risks and severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the heightened risks of malaria in pregnant individuals.
  • To emphasize the importance of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
  • To inform U.S. obstetricians about potential encounters with malaria in pregnant patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current knowledge on malaria in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of risks associated with Plasmodium species and geographic origin of infection.
  • Review of recommended prevention and treatment guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Pregnancy increases susceptibility to malaria infection and severe disease.
  • Adverse pregnancy outcomes include low birth weight, pregnancy loss, and preterm birth.
  • Diagnosis can be complicated by placental parasite sequestration, leading to lower peripheral blood levels.

Conclusions:

  • Prevention is paramount due to severe consequences of malaria in pregnancy.
  • Chemoprophylaxis and mosquito bite avoidance are recommended for pregnant travelers.
  • Pregnant individuals in the U.S. should be aware of local transmission risks and take precautions.