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Changes of Intestinal Flora and the Effect on Intestinal Function in Infants With Ventricular Septal Defect After

Qi-Liang Zhang1, Si-Jia Zhou1, Xiu-Hua Chen1

  • 1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.

Current Problems in Cardiology
|September 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Changes in infant gut bacteria after heart surgery (VSD repair) show reduced diversity and beneficial bacteria, increasing gastrointestinal issues and recovery time.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a common congenital heart anomaly.
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery is often required for VSD repair.
  • Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction is a significant concern in infants following CPB surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in the intestinal flora of infants with VSD after CPB surgery.
  • To explore the relationship between these microbial changes and postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Fecal samples were collected from 20 infants with VSD before and after CPB surgery.
  • 16S rRNA sequencing was employed for microbial detection and analysis.
  • Statistical analysis was used to compare microbial composition and correlate with clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • CPB surgery led to a significant decrease in intestinal flora diversity and species richness.
  • Postoperative intestinal flora showed increased Enterococcus and decreased Bifidobacterium levels.
  • Higher Enterococcus and lower Bifidobacterium levels were associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction and prolonged feeding recovery.

Conclusions:

  • CPB surgery significantly alters the infant gut microbiome, reducing beneficial bacteria and increasing potential pathogens.
  • These microbial shifts are linked to impaired gastrointestinal function and delayed recovery post-VSD repair.
  • Targeting the gut microbiome may offer strategies to improve outcomes in infants undergoing CPB surgery.

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