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Neural Circuits

Neural Circuits

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Recording Mouse Ultrasonic Vocalizations to Evaluate Social Communication

Recording Mouse Ultrasonic Vocalizations to Evaluate Social Communication

Published on: June 5, 2016

Cortical circuits modulate mouse social vocalizations.

Benjamin Gan-Or¹, Michael London¹

¹Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences and Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.

Science Advances

|September 29, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The anterior cingulate cortex controls mouse ultrasonic vocalizations. This brain region is crucial for vocal communication, with its stimulation eliciting calls and suppression reducing vocal output.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Behavioral Biology
Animal Communication

Background:

Vocalizations are vital for communication in many species, exhibiting high fidelity and information rates.
While diencephalon and brainstem circuits are known to control mouse vocal production, the cortex's role remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of cortical circuits, specifically the anterior cingulate cortex, in controlling mouse vocalizations.
To determine if stimulating the anterior cingulate cortex can elicit ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in mice.

Main Methods:

Utilized electrical and optogenetic stimulation to activate specific cortical regions.
Employed fiber photometry to measure calcium (Ca2+) dynamics associated with vocal initiation.
Used optogenetic suppression to inhibit neural activity in the anterior cingulate cortex.
Conducted electrophysiological recordings to assess neural activity changes in response to social stimuli.

Main Results:

Electrical and optogenetic stimulation of a region in the anterior cingulate cortex elicited ultrasonic vocalizations.
Increased Ca2+ dynamics were observed preceding vocal initiation, and suppression of this area reduced vocalizations.
Neural activity showed differential increases in response to female social exposure, dependent on vocal output.

Conclusions:

The anterior cingulate cortex is identified as a key cortical node in the neural circuits governing mouse vocal behavior.
These findings highlight the significant role of the cortex in vocal production and communication.