Ocular toxicities of fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors: A review

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Oncology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors represent a novel class of targeted cancer therapies.
• Ocular adverse events are documented in clinical trials of FGFR inhibitors.
• Ongoing research reveals emerging toxicities beyond initial findings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and synthesize the spectrum of ocular toxicities associated with FGFR inhibitors.
• To highlight common and rare ocular adverse events.
• To discuss potential pathophysiological mechanisms and management strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical trials and case studies on FGFR inhibitor ocular toxicity.
• Analysis of reported ocular pathologies, including ocular surface and retinal manifestations.
• Comparison with toxicities from other targeted cancer therapies.

Main Results:

• Common ocular toxicities include dry eye and FGFR inhibitor-associated retinopathy.
• Rare but severe complications such as corneal thinning and melt can occur.
• Pathological similarities exist between FGFR inhibitor toxicities and those of other targeted agents.

Conclusions:

• FGFR inhibitors pose a risk of diverse ocular toxicities.
• Close ophthalmologic surveillance is crucial for early detection and management.
• Discontinuation of FGFR inhibitors may be necessary for severe adverse events.