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Updated: Jul 15, 2025
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Study on Blood Pressure, e-GFR, Serum Albumin, C-reactive Protein in Normal Subjects and Patients with CKD
1Dr Mohammad Mozammal Huq, M Phil (Thesis Part), Department of Physiology, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail: mozammal huq120@gmail.com.
Insights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients exhibit significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum albumin levels. These patients also show increased blood pressure and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to healthy individuals.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Clinical Physiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often asymptomatic in early stages, characterized by a gradual decline in kidney function.
- Inflammation, indicated by elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, is a common comorbidity in CKD, correlating with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum albumin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare key physiological and biochemical markers between patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy subjects.
- Specifically, to determine alterations in blood pressure, eGFR, serum albumin, and CRP levels in CKD patients.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional analytical study involving 140 participants (70 CKD patients, 70 healthy controls), aged 25-70 years.
- eGFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI equation. Blood pressure, serum albumin, and CRP levels were measured.
- Data were analyzed using unpaired t-tests to compare groups, with results expressed as mean ± SD.
Main Results:
- CKD patients demonstrated significantly lower eGFR and serum albumin levels compared to the control group.
- Elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure, along with significantly higher CRP levels, were observed in the CKD patient group.
- Gender-specific data showed variations, with females in the CKD group exhibiting lower serum albumin and higher CRP than males.
Conclusions:
- CKD is significantly associated with impaired kidney function (low eGFR), reduced nutritional status (low albumin), hypertension, and heightened inflammation (high CRP).
- These findings underscore the importance of early CKD detection to mitigate progression and associated cardiovascular complications.
- Monitoring these biomarkers is crucial for managing CKD patients and preventing end-stage renal disease.
Abstract:
In general, Kidney diseases are silent with no apparent early symptoms and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is marked by gradual loss of kidney function over time. High rate of inflammation is common in CKD and it causes high CRP level. High CRP levels are associated with low e-GFR and low serum albumin level. This study was conducted to determine the changes of blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum albumin and C-reactive protein in chronic kidney diseased patients and compared with healthy subjects. This analytical type of cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh from July 2021 to June 2022. A total number of 140 subjects, age range between 25-70 years were included in this study. Among them, 70 healthy subjects were taken as control group (Group I) with 35 male (IA) and 35 female (IB) and 70 chronic kidney diseased patients were taken as study group (Group II) with 35 male (IIA) and 35 female (IIB). Calculation of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was done by chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Data were expressed as mean±SD and statistical significance difference among the group were calculated by unpaired t-test. In this study, we found that eGFR (in IIA 29.83±0.73 ml/min and in IIB 30.80±0.73ml/min) and serum albumin (in IIA 2.96±0.04g/dl in IIB 2.07±0.02g/dl) were significantly decreased in study group in comparison to control group. Blood pressure (SBP in IIA 150.57±1.70 mm of Hg, in IIB 143.71±1.32 mm of Hg and DBP in IIA 94.40±0.70 and in IIB 91.20±0.70 mm of Hg) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (in IIA 12.14±0.90mg/l and in IIB 21.80±2.58mg/l) were significantly increased in study group in comparison to control group. CKD is associated with increased risks of several co-morbidities including cardiovascular complications and chronic renal failure. Detection of CKD at an early stage helps to reduce the progression of renal disease and burden of end stage renal disease.
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