Nrf2-mediated macrophage function in benign prostatic hyperplasia: Novel molecular insights and implications

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent urological condition affecting middle-aged and elderly men.
• BPH significantly impacts patients' physical and mental well-being, causing substantial discomfort.
• Macrophage activation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are key factors in BPH development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the mechanism of Nrf2 signaling pathway-mediated macrophage activation in the BPH immune microenvironment.
• To summarize Nrf2-based traditional Chinese medicine approaches for BPH treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on Nrf2 signaling pathway.
• Analysis of studies on macrophage activation in BPH.
• Compilation of research on traditional Chinese medicine and Nrf2 in BPH.

Main Results:

• The Nrf2 pathway can mediate macrophage activation.
• Nrf2 activation suppresses pro-inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and promotes apoptosis.
• This modulation impacts the immune microenvironment crucial for inhibiting prostate hyperplasia.

Conclusions:

• The Nrf2 signaling pathway plays a critical role in regulating the immune microenvironment of BPH.
• Targeting Nrf2-mediated macrophage activation presents a potential therapeutic strategy for BPH.
• Traditional Chinese medicine offers Nrf2-based options for BPH treatment.