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"Total Human DNA Sampling" - Forensic DNA profiles from large areas.

Colino Neves1, Martin Zieger1

  • 1Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Molecular Biology Department, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 26, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.

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|October 1, 2023
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Summary

A new vacuum-based method efficiently collects shed skin cells for DNA profiling from large areas like crime scene floors. This technique significantly enhances forensic investigations by identifying individuals present at a location.

Keywords:
DNA profileDatabaseDustExtractionFilterTotal Human DNA SamplingVacuum cleaner

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • DNA profiling is a crucial forensic tool established since 1986.
  • Limited methods exist for collecting DNA from large surface areas, such as floors.
  • Human skin cells are shed continuously, offering significant forensic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient method for sampling human DNA from large surface areas.
  • To overcome limitations in collecting shed skin cell DNA for forensic analysis.
  • To enhance the investigative capabilities at crime scenes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a vacuum cleaner with a specialized filter cartridge for large-area DNA sampling.
  • Employed filter membrane fragmentation and modified Chelex® 100 extraction.
  • Generated major contributor DNA profiles from sampled surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated interpretable DNA profiles from shed skin cells collected from floors.
  • Achieved submission-quality single major contributor profiles in at least 38% of sampled areas.
  • Demonstrated DNA detection from a perpetrator with less than one minute of presence at a mock crime scene.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Total Human DNA Sampling method is a fast, simple, and effective forensic tool.
  • This technique significantly expands the potential for identifying individuals at crime scenes.
  • Recommended as a complementary method to conventional DNA trace collection in major crimes.