Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

14.2K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
14.2K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.4K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.4K
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

874
At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
874
Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:28

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

2.6K
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the...
2.6K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

9.7K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
9.7K
Structure of Amines01:19

Structure of Amines

2.6K
The hybridized nitrogen atom in amines possesses a lone pair of electrons and is bound to three substituents with a bond angle of around 108°, which is less than the tetrahedral angle of 109.5°. However, the C–N–H bond angle is slightly larger at 112°, with a carbon–nitrogen bond length of 147 pm. This carbon–nitrogen bond length of of amines is longer than the carbon–oxygen bond of alcohols (143 pm) but shorter than alkanes’...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-time in vivo analysis of murine β cells reveals autophagic flux defects before onset of autoimmune diabetes.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

A mitochondrial ROS-dependent antiviral response promotes β cell resilience and is diminished in donors with type 1 diabetes.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

A map of cavity magnonics: concepts, developments, and recent advances.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

IFN-α Induces Heterogenous ROS Production in Human β-Cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Asymmetric Reflection Induced in Reciprocal Hyperbolic Materials.

ACS photonics·2022
Same author

Fast Switching Dual-Frequency Nematic Liquid Crystal Tunable Filters.

ACS photonics·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

6.5K

New quasiperiodic structures in nematic liquid crystals.

Olha Melnyk1,2, Reed Jones2, Rair Macêdo3

  • 1Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Soft Matter
|October 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers generated dynamic, spatially oscillatory domain walls in liquid crystals using electric fields. This discovery offers new insights into topological defects and their stability in nematic liquid crystals.

More Related Videos

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

8.8K
Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2025

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

6.5K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

8.8K
Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Liquid crystals exhibit self-alignment, forming topological defects at domain boundaries.
  • These defects reveal information about molecular ordering under competing constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate a novel mechanism for generating spatially oscillatory domain walls in nematic liquid crystals.
  • To develop a predictive theory for liquid crystal director evolution in response to electric fields.

Main Methods:

  • Applying a horizontal electric field to homeotropically aligned nematic liquid crystals.
  • Investigating domain wall formation and stability across a range of electric field frequencies.
  • Developing a general theory for 3D liquid crystal director evolution in 2D varying fields.

Main Results:

  • Spatially oscillatory domain walls were generated at low electric field frequencies.
  • These oscillatory domain walls remained stable as frequency increased.
  • At higher frequencies (kHz), non-oscillatory domain walls formed.
  • The developed theory accurately predicts the time-dependent behavior and stability of both oscillatory and straight domain walls.

Conclusions:

  • A new method for creating dynamic topological defects in liquid crystals was established.
  • The study confirms the stability of both oscillatory and straight domain walls under specific electric field conditions.
  • The theoretical framework provides a valuable tool for understanding liquid crystal behavior in complex fields.