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Related Concept Videos

Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

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Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
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Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides

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Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
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Protein Glycosylation01:25

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Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
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Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

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Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
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Clickable Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review.

Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi1, S Mohammad Sajadi2,3, Farzad Seidi1

  • 1Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China.

Progress in Polymer Science
|October 2, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Click chemistry enables the creation of advanced biomaterials from polysaccharides (PSA). These materials are crucial for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and molecular imaging, offering new solutions for healthcare needs.

Keywords:
biomaterialsbioorthogonal reactionsclick chemistrydrug deliverypolysaccharidestissue engineeringwound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Biomedical Applications
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Sophisticated biomaterials with tunable properties are essential for modern biomedical applications.
  • Click chemistry offers specific, high-yield reactions under mild conditions, ideal for complex molecular structures.
  • Copper-free click chemistry allows selective reactions within biological systems, aiding cell function studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of polysaccharide (PSA)-derived click chemistry in designing advanced biomaterials.
  • To highlight the versatility of PSA-based bioclick reactions for various biomedical applications.
  • To discuss the current status and future prospects of clickable PSA biomaterials.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporating clickable groups into polysaccharides (PSA) for bioconjugation.
  • Utilizing de novo biosynthetic pathways for in vivo PSA modification.
  • Leveraging click chemistry for macromolecular architecture synthesis.

Main Results:

  • Clickable PSA serves as a versatile platform for creating novel biomaterials.
  • PSA-derived bioclick reactions are effective in developing drug delivery systems and injectable hydrogels.
  • Advanced applications include molecular imaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.

Conclusions:

  • Clickable polysaccharides represent a powerful toolbox for biomaterials innovation.
  • PSA-based bioclick strategies offer efficient synthesis, reducing purification needs.
  • Future developments in 3D printing and clinical translation are promising for PSA biomaterials.