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Current Confinement Effect on the Performance of Blue Light Micro-LEDs with 10 μm Dimension.

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Summary

Simulations show that a 5 μm × 5 μm p-contact size optimizes external quantum efficiency (EQE) for 10 μm micro-LEDs (μLEDs). Narrower contacts increase operating temperature and red-shift, while larger contacts reduce turn-on voltage and leakage current.

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Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Semiconductor Devices
Materials Science

Background:

Micro-LEDs (μLEDs) are crucial for advanced display technologies.
Understanding current confinement effects is vital for optimizing μLED performance.
Previous studies have explored various design parameters, but optimal contact sizing remains a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of p-contact size on the performance of 10 μm micro-LEDs (μLEDs).
To analyze current confinement, external quantum efficiency (EQE), operating temperature, turn-on voltage, and leakage current.
To determine the optimal contact ratio for enhanced μLED performance.

Main Methods:

Simulations were performed using SpeCLED software for μLEDs with a 10 μm dimension.
Three p-contact sizes (2 μm × 2 μm, 5 μm × 5 μm, and 8 μm × 8 μm) were simulated.
Experimental data was used to validate simulation findings, particularly regarding red-shift and heat generation.

Main Results:

The highest simulated external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 13.24% was achieved with a 5 μm × 5 μm contact size.
Narrower contact sizes led to higher operating temperatures due to current crowding and exhibited a red-shift effect.
Increasing contact size from 2 μm to 8 μm decreased turn-on voltage and increased leakage current from 44 pA to 1.6 nA at -5 V.
A contact ratio of 0.5 yielded the highest experimental EQE (9.95%) due to optimal current confinement and spreading.

Conclusions:

The optimal p-contact size significantly influences μLED performance metrics, including EQE, temperature, and voltage.
A contact ratio of 0.5 provides a balance for efficient current confinement and spreading, leading to superior device performance.
These findings offer valuable insights for the design and fabrication of high-performance micro-LEDs.