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Random Sampling Method

Random Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...

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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Quantum Random Number Generation Based on Multi-photon Detection.

Kanin Aungskunsiri¹, Sakdinan Jantarachote¹, Kruawan Wongpanya¹

¹National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, 112 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.

|October 2, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a quantum random number generator using photon-number detection. The system generates validated random bits at 13.6 Mbit/s, offering a compact and affordable solution for cryptography.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Information Science
Photonics and Optical Engineering
Cryptography and Security

Background:

Random number generation is crucial for secure communication and cryptography.
Traditional pseudo-random number generators can be vulnerable to prediction.
Quantum phenomena offer a path to intrinsically secure random number generation.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a practical quantum random number generator (QRNG).
To utilize a photon-number detection scheme for high-rate random bit generation.
To validate the randomness of the generated bits using established statistical tests.

Main Methods:

Employed a silicon photomultiplier for photon-number detection.
Implemented a time integral of detector response signals to resolve photon numbers.
Digitized the resolved photon numbers into 4-bit sequences.
Utilized U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 800-22 for statistical validation.

Main Results:

Achieved a random bit generation rate of 13.6 Mbit/s.
Generated 4-bit sequences based on photon-number detection.
The generated random bits successfully passed NIST statistical randomness validation.
Demonstrated the feasibility of using inexpensive components for the QRNG system.

Conclusions:

The developed photon-number detection scheme provides a viable method for high-speed quantum random number generation.
The system's reliance on inexpensive components and potential for miniaturization makes it suitable for portable cryptographic applications.
This approach offers a secure and efficient alternative for generating random numbers in sensitive applications.