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Published on: February 3, 2012
Evaluation of Cytogenetic Alterations in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease
Ravindra M Samarth1,2, Rajnarayan R Tiwari2, Gopesh Modi3
1ICMR-Department of Research, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre (ICMR-BMHRC), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Introduction:
In recent years, there has been a rise in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it has been estimated that by 2040, CKD will be the fifth most common cause of death globally. In addition to diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease commonly associated with CKD, exposure to various toxins as a result of pollution or industrial disasters is also discussed as a cause for multi-organ pathology including kidneys. Although few cytogenetic studies were undertaken to assess the genetic damage in survivors of the disaster, no studies are available on the cytogenetic damage of toxic-gas exposed population having CKD. Therefore, the present multi-group cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the independent role of CKD as well as toxic gas exposure on cytogenetics.
Methods:
The cytogenetic alterations were evaluated through chromosomal aberration analysis and micronuclei assay. The study included 608 study participants divided into four groups on the basis of history of exposure to the leaked gas and presence or absence of CKD.
Results:
The results of the study showed no statistically significant difference in cytogenetic damage between gas-exposed and non-exposed patients of CKD, whereas significantly higher cytogenetic damage was observed among gas-exposed participants having CKD compared to gas-exposed participants free from CKD, suggesting that cytogenetic changes could be due to CKD itself.
Conclusions:
Thus, to conclude, the cytogenetic alterations observed in the study can be partly attributed to the disease itself.
Insights
This study investigated cytogenetic damage in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and toxic gas exposure. Results indicate that CKD itself, rather than gas exposure, is primarily responsible for observed cytogenetic alterations.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Genetics
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health concern, projected to be the fifth leading cause of death by 2040.
- Besides common risk factors, environmental toxins from pollution or industrial disasters are implicated in multi-organ damage, including kidney pathology.
- Limited research exists on cytogenetic damage in populations exposed to toxic gases, particularly those with CKD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the independent impact of CKD on cytogenetic damage.
- To evaluate the role of toxic gas exposure in cytogenetic alterations among individuals with and without CKD.
- To investigate potential links between CKD, toxic gas exposure, and genetic damage.
Main Methods:
- A multi-group cross-sectional study involving 608 participants.
- Evaluation of cytogenetic alterations using chromosomal aberration analysis and micronuclei assay.
- Participants were categorized into four groups based on toxic gas exposure history and CKD status.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in cytogenetic damage was found between gas-exposed and non-exposed CKD patients.
- Gas-exposed participants with CKD exhibited significantly higher cytogenetic damage compared to gas-exposed individuals without CKD.
- These findings suggest that CKD is a significant contributor to observed cytogenetic changes.
Conclusions:
- Cytogenetic alterations in the studied population are partly attributable to chronic kidney disease itself.
- The study highlights the intrinsic role of CKD in inducing genetic damage.
- Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms by which CKD affects cytogenetics.
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