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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Magnetic resonance fingerprinting in multiple sclerosis.

Daniel Ontaneda¹, Vikas Gulani², Anagha Deshmane³

¹Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

|October 2, 2023

Summary

Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) reveals increased T1 and T2 relaxation times in multiple sclerosis (MS) brain tissue, correlating with disease severity. This quantitative imaging technique shows promise for assessing MS-related tissue damage.

Keywords:

Magnetic resonance fingerprinting Multiple sclerosis Quantitative MRI Relaxation

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Quantitative MRI
Biophysics

Background:

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting white and gray matter.
Assessing tissue properties in MS is crucial for understanding disease progression and treatment efficacy.
Conventional MRI methods have limitations in quantifying subtle tissue changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate brain tissue properties using Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS).
To compare MRF-derived T1 and T2 relaxation times between MS patients and healthy controls (HC).
To explore the correlation between MRF parameters and clinical disability measures in MS.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study involving 21 RRMS, 16 SPMS, and 9 HC.
Acquisition of a fast imaging sequence with steady-state free precession (FISP)-based MRF at 3T.
Measurement of T1 and T2 relaxation times in various brain regions, including normal-appearing white matter, gray matter, and lesions.
Statistical analysis using ANCOVA adjusted for age and sex, and Spearman rank correlations.

Main Results:

A stepwise increase in T1 and T2 relaxation times was observed from HC to RRMS to SPMS.
Significant differences in T1 and T2 values were found between MS patients and HC in the frontal normal-appearing white matter, corpus callosum, and thalamus.
T1 relaxation in the frontal normal-appearing white matter showed significant correlations with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), timed 25-foot walk, 9-hole peg test, and paced auditory serial addition test.

Conclusions:

MRF provides a clinically feasible quantitative method for characterizing tissue damage in MS.
MRF-derived relaxation times can differentiate between MS subtypes and healthy controls.
MRF parameters correlate with clinical disability, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for MS progression.