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Related Concept Videos

Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation01:24

Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation

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During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
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Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State01:18

Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State

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The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
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Metabolic States of the Body: The Absorptive State01:25

Metabolic States of the Body: The Absorptive State

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During the absorptive state, which lasts approximately four hours after a meal, the body absorbs nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract. The carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids we consume are broken down into monosaccharides, amino acids, and free fatty acids for absorption. While carbohydrates and proteins are absorbed as-is, lipids are absorbed in their broken-down forms and then re-esterified into triglycerides within enterocytes before being packaged into chylomicrons. These absorbed...
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Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Metabolic Rate01:25

Metabolic Rate

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The human body is a powerhouse of energy, with every cell performing numerous functions that require energy. This energy production and consumption is measured by the metabolic rate, which quantifies the total heat generated by all the body's chemical reactions and mechanical work. This measurement helps to determine the rate of kilocalorie (kcal) consumption needed to fuel all ongoing activities.
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Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

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Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice
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Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice

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Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting.

Maria G Lange1,2, Alice A Coffey1, Paul C Coleman1

  • 1Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.

Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics : the Official Journal of the British Dietetic Association
|October 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intermittent fasting aids weight loss and fat reduction, comparable to continuous calorie restriction. However, its effects on glucose and lipid metabolism require further investigation.

Keywords:
alternate day fastingintermittent fastingobesityweight loss

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Metabolic Health
  • Weight Management

Background:

  • Global rise in obesity necessitates effective weight management strategies.
  • Intermittent fasting (IF) is gaining attention as a lifestyle intervention for obesity.
  • Healthcare professionals and the public show increasing interest in IF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of intermittent fasting on metabolic indices.
  • To synthesize evidence from systematic reviews published between 2011 and 2022.

Main Methods:

  • Rapid review methodology.
  • PubMed database search for systematic reviews.
  • Inclusion of studies published from 2011 to 2022.

Main Results:

  • Intermittent fasting (IF) promotes weight loss, similar to continuous energy restriction.
  • IF generally leads to greater fat loss compared to ad libitum diets.
  • Evidence on IF's impact on insulin resistance, glucose, and lipid profiles is mixed.
  • Ramadan fasting shows temporary metabolic improvements and weight loss.

Conclusions:

  • Intermittent fasting is effective for weight management, outperforming ad libitum intake and matching continuous energy restriction.
  • Clinical benefits of IF on glucose and lipid metabolism remain inconclusive.
  • Further research is needed to clarify IF's long-term metabolic effects.