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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Molecular Biomarker Testing for Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Published on: September 8, 2023
Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in NSCLC: A
Renjan Thomas1, Gautam Balaram1, Hrish Varayathu2
1Department of Molecular Pathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Background:
The genetic profiling of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has contributed to the discovery of actionable targetable mutations, which have significantly improved outcomes in disease with poor prognosis. Molecular epidemiological data of driver mutations in Indian populations have not been extensively elaborated compared to western and eastern Asian NSCLC populations. This study assessed the prevalence and clinical outcomes of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) mutations among the Indian NSCLC cohort in South India.
Patients And Methods:
Retrospective analysis of 2,003 NSCLC patients who had undergone EGFR mutational analysis from 2013 to 2020 was performed. Clinical analysis was performed for 141 patients from 2013 to 2017 using Kaplan-Meier and Chi-square methods. Descriptive and survival statistics were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
Results:
EGFR-sensitizing mutations were detected in 41.6% (834/2003) in the study cohort with compound mutations detected in 7.55% (63/834) of EGFR-positive cases. A significant relationship with regard to female gender and EGFR mutation status (P <.001) was observed. Exon 18 G719X (8.7%) mutations and exon 20 T790M point mutation (3.1%) were the most frequently isolated uncommon EGFR mutations. In the clinical cohort, EGFR mutations were detected at a significantly higher prevalence in females (P =0.002) and never-smokers (P < 0.001). EGFR mutation demonstrated a significant relationship with regard to brain metastasis (P = 0.011). EGFR mutated individuals had significantly longer median overall survival compared to EGFR wild type (26 months vs. 12 months, P = 0.044).
Conclusion:
We reports the highest number of EGFR mutation analysis performed from India and mutational analysis indicated a loco-regional variation in India with regard to EGFR mutation frequency and its subtypes.
Insights
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations were found in 41.6% of Indian non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. EGFR mutations were linked to better survival and specific demographics, highlighting regional variations in India.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Molecular Epidemiology
Background:
- Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) genetic profiling reveals actionable mutations, improving outcomes.
- Limited molecular epidemiological data exists for Indian NSCLC populations.
- This study focuses on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in South India.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence of EGFR mutations in an Indian NSCLC cohort.
- To investigate the clinical outcomes associated with EGFR mutations.
- To understand the molecular epidemiology of EGFR mutations in South India.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 2,003 NSCLC patients from 2013-2020.
- Clinical analysis of 141 patients (2013-2017) using Kaplan-Meier and Chi-square methods.
- Statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics.
Main Results:
- EGFR-sensitizing mutations detected in 41.6% of the cohort.
- Compound mutations found in 7.55% of EGFR-positive cases.
- EGFR mutations significantly associated with female gender, never-smokers, and brain metastasis.
- EGFR mutated patients showed significantly longer overall survival (26 vs. 12 months).
Conclusions:
- This study reports the largest EGFR mutation analysis from India.
- Significant loco-regional variations in EGFR mutation frequency and subtypes were observed within India.
- Findings emphasize the importance of EGFR profiling in Indian NSCLC patients.
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