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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
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Myelodysplasia Cutis.

Carli P Whittington1, Charles W Ross1, James A Ramirez2

  • 1From the Departments of Pathology (Whittington, Ross, Lowe, Brown, Hristov) and Dermatology (Whittington, Lowe, Hristov), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

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Myelodysplasia cutis, a skin manifestation of myelodysplastic syndrome, is increasingly recognized. Next-generation sequencing aids in distinguishing it from histiocytoid Sweet syndrome, impacting patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Myelodysplasia cutis is an emerging concept in cutaneous neoplasia.
  • Previously, many cases were misclassified under histiocytoid Sweet syndrome.
  • Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) are improving recognition of cutaneous involvement by myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review histiocytoid Sweet syndrome and myelodysplasia cutis.
  • To discuss current understanding of these entities.
  • To explore the application of NGS in evaluating cutaneous infiltrates of immature histiocytoid cells.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of English-language literature from 2005 to 2023.
  • Focus on studies concerning histiocytoid Sweet syndrome and myelodysplasia cutis.
  • Analysis of NGS applications in differentiating myeloid neoplasms.

Main Results:

  • Biopsy findings of histiocytoid, immature myeloid cells can indicate myelodysplasia cutis.
  • Clinical correlation is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • NGS demonstrates utility in differentiating myelodysplasia cutis from histiocytoid Sweet syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Distinguishing myelodysplasia cutis from histiocytoid Sweet syndrome is clinically significant.
  • NGS provides a valuable tool for accurate diagnosis.
  • Improved diagnostic accuracy leads to better patient management and outcomes.