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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

PSGL-1 is an evolutionarily conserved antiviral restriction factor.

Chao Jiang¹, Miao Mei^1,2, Ying Liu³

¹Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China.

|October 3, 2023

Summary

Host antiviral factor PSGL-1 and viral proteins are locked in an evolutionary battle. This molecular antagonism, seen from mice to humans and across retroviruses like HIV, offers potential for new antiviral therapies.

Keywords:

HIV-1 PSGL-1 murine leukemia virus restriction factor

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Virology
Immunology

Background:

Understanding virus-host co-evolution is crucial for human biology and antiviral drug development.
Retroviruses and mammalian hosts engage in a continuous evolutionary arms race.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify molecular mechanisms underlying the retrovirus-mammalian host evolutionary arms race.
To investigate the antagonism between host antiviral factors and viral accessory proteins.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of host antiviral factors and viral accessory proteins.
Examination of conserved antagonistic interactions across species and viral families.

Main Results:

Identified a conserved molecular antagonism between the host antiviral factor PSGL-1 and viral accessory proteins.
Demonstrated this antagonism is conserved from mouse models to humans and from mouse retroviruses to HIV.

Conclusions:

The PSGL-1/viral protein antagonism represents a key molecular battleground in host-pathogen co-evolution.
This conserved interaction presents a potential target for novel antiviral therapies against retroviruses, including HIV.