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An mHealth Text Messaging Program Providing Symptom Detection Training and Psychoeducation to Improve Hypoglycemia
Yu Kuei Lin1, James E Aikens2, Nicole de Zoysa3
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
JMIR Formative Research
|October 3, 2023
Summary
Hypoglycemia remains a challenge for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using advanced technology. A new mobile health intervention, HypoPals, uses CGM data to personalize messages, aiming to improve symptom detection and self-management behaviors.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health Interventions
- Behavioral Science in Diabetes Management
- Type 1 Diabetes Technology
Background:
- Hypoglycemia affects 25% of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients despite advanced technology use.
- Factors like poor symptom recognition and unhelpful beliefs hinder hypoglycemia self-management in T1D patients using CGMs or automated insulin delivery.
- These factors can lead to hypoglycemia development even with technological aids.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a scalable, personalized mobile health (mHealth) behavioral intervention program.
- The program aims to improve hypoglycemia self-management in T1D patients using advanced diabetes technology.
- The ultimate goal is to reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia in this population.
Main Methods:
- A multidisciplinary team, including patient partners, developed the mHealth intervention using user-centered design.
- The iterative development involved conceptualization, message content creation, revision, and patient assessments for readability and trustworthiness.
- An mHealth web-based SMS platform was created, integrated with CGM data for personalized message delivery.
Main Results:
- The HypoPals program delivers personalized SMS text messages based on continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data.
- Intervention messages aim to enhance hypoglycemia symptom detection and promote self-reflection.
- Messages provide education and suggest behaviors to address unhelpful beliefs and improve self-management, up to 4 times daily for 10 weeks.
Conclusions:
- A scalable, personalized mHealth SMS intervention was developed using a rigorous framework, multidisciplinary input, and behavior change techniques.
- The HypoPals program is designed to improve hypoglycemia self-management for T1D patients using advanced diabetes technology.
- Further clinical trials are necessary to confirm the program's efficacy for widespread clinical use.
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