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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
Published on: June 23, 2019
Green multicomponent synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives: current insights and future directions
Afrisham Ahmad1, Sithara Rao1, Nitinkumar S Shetty1
1Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Karnataka 576104 India nitin.shetty@manipal.edu.
Abstract:
The past decade has witnessed significant progress in synthesizing structurally diverse and biologically relevant pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives through the integration of green methodologies. This review summarizes the recent advances in the green multicomponent synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole and spiro-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. These include the application of energy-efficient techniques such as microwave and ultrasound-assisted synthesis, benign catalysts and biodegradable composites, solvent selection with a focus on water as a renewable and non-toxic medium, and solvent-free conditions. The review consolidates the current knowledge and future research directions, providing a valuable resource for researchers dedicated to advancing green chemistry practices.
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