Non-pharmaceutical interventions to optimize cancer immunotherapy.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Behavioral Science

Background:

• Traditional views of cancer patients as vulnerable are evolving.
• Immune-engaging therapies, like checkpoint inhibitors, strengthen the immune system and are less harmful than cytotoxic treatments.
• A holistic approach recognizes patient complexity beyond medical vulnerability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To advocate for a holistic framework in cancer immunotherapy centered on patient empowerment.
• To review non-pharmaceutical interventions that enhance immune checkpoint blockade efficacy and patient quality of life.
• To highlight the potential of lifestyle modifications and digital therapeutics in cancer care.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent evidence on non-pharmaceutical interventions.
• Focus on behavioral factors: diet, physical activity, stress management, and circadian timing.
• Consideration of waiving unnecessary co-medications that may reduce immunotherapy effectiveness.

Main Results:

• Non-pharmaceutical interventions are accessible, actionable, scalable, and sustainable.
• These interventions can enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
• Holistic care can improve patient quality of life and potentially lead to survival benefits.

Conclusions:

• A holistic approach empowers patients and harnesses the full potential of anticancer immunity.
• Lifestyle interventions and digital therapeutics are key components of optimizing cancer immunotherapy.
• This framework offers value to patients, healthcare professionals, and stakeholders, promoting personal growth and treatment success.