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Measuring intraocular pressure with OCT: the first approach.

Marcela Niemczyk1, D Robert Iskander1

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This study explores estimating intraocular pressure (IOP) using corneal optical coherence tomography (OCT) speckle statistics. Ex-vivo results show promise for non-contact IOP measurement, though in-vivo validation is needed.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Optics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) changes can alter corneal microstructure.
  • Corneal speckle statistics in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images may reflect these microstructural changes.
  • Current IOP measurement methods have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of using corneal OCT speckle statistics for estimating intraocular pressure (IOP).
  • To develop and evaluate a novel method for non-contact IOP estimation based on OCT imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Calculated the area (A) under contrast ratio trajectories with respect to stromal depth from OCT images.
  • Evaluated the method on OCT images from ex-vivo porcine eyeballs and in-vivo human corneas.
  • Utilized multivariate linear regression to correlate A with IOP.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant regression model (IOP = 0.70·A - 6.11) was found in the ex-vivo study (R=0.628).
  • The ex-vivo study demonstrated a good correlation between A and controlled IOP.
  • The in-vivo study showed a weaker correlation (R=0.351) between A and air-puff tonometry-based IOP estimates.

Conclusions:

  • Ex-vivo results suggest OCT speckle statistics hold potential for static, non-contact IOP measurement.
  • Significant differences between ex-vivo and in-vivo studies highlight the need for further research.
  • Additional validation in living human corneas is required to confirm the clinical utility of this OCT-based approach.