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Related Concept Videos

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

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EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on...
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Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

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Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
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Hydroponics: A Versatile System to Study Nutrient Allocation and Plant Responses to Nutrient Availability and Exposure to Toxic Elements
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Novel Biodegradable Chelating Agents for Micronutrient Fertilization.

Vasiliy Brusko1,2, Bulat Garifullin3, Gulnaz Geniyatullina1

  • 1Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials, Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya St. 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|October 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Environmentally friendly chelating agents are needed as alternatives to EDTA. A new biodegradable agent, IGSA, was synthesized and used in micronutrient fertilizers, showing superior biodegradability and plant growth compared to EDTA-based products.

Keywords:
2-((1,2-dicarboxyethyl)amino)pentanedioic acidEDTAIDSIGSAbiodegradabilitychelating agentmicroelement fertilizer

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) poses environmental risks, leading to restrictions on its use.
  • EDTA's persistence in agriculture as a chelator in micronutrient fertilizers contaminates groundwater.
  • There is a critical need for biodegradable alternatives to EDTA in agricultural applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate a novel biodegradable chelating agent, 2-((1,2-dicarboxyethyl)amino)pentanedioic acid (IGSA).
  • To develop and test an IGSA-based micronutrient fertilizer as an eco-friendly alternative to EDTA.
  • To compare the biodegradability and plant efficacy of IGSA-based fertilizer against EDTA and iminodisuccinic acid (IDS) based fertilizers.

Main Methods:

  • IGSA synthesized using "green chemistry" principles from nonhazardous precursors in water, producing minimal waste.
  • A multicomponent micronutrient fertilizer formulated using the synthesized IGSA.
  • Biodegradability assessed over 28 days; plant growth and mineral uptake evaluated on lettuce in greenhouse trials, comparing with EDTA and IDS fertilizers.

Main Results:

  • IGSA fertilizer demonstrated high biodegradability (72% in 28 days), significantly exceeding EDTA (13%).
  • Lettuce biomass increased by 1.4-1.6 times with IGSA fertilizer compared to EDTA.
  • Total mineral uptake was nearly doubled with IGSA fertilizer compared to EDTA and slightly higher than IDS.

Conclusions:

  • IGSA is a highly biodegradable and effective chelating agent for micronutrient fertilizers.
  • IGSA-based fertilizers offer a "green" and cost-effective alternative to EDTA, with improved plant growth and mineral uptake.
  • This research supports the industrial-scale production of IGSA to replace environmentally harmful EDTA products in agriculture.