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Intrinsic Flame Retardancy and Flexible Solid-Solid Phase Change Materials with Self-Healing and Recyclability.

Shijie Bai1, Kaixi Zhang1, Qun Zhang1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.

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New flame-retardant solid-solid phase change materials (PCMs) were developed using polyurethane networks. These materials offer enhanced safety and recyclability for energy storage devices.

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intrinsic flame retardancyphase change materialspolyurethanerecyclabilityself-healing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sustainable Energy

Background:

  • Conventional polymeric phase change materials (PCMs) offer high heat storage but suffer from flammability and poor recyclability.
  • Physical blending of flame retardants degrades mechanical and thermal properties of PCMs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel flame-retardant solid-solid PCMs (FRPCMs) with intrinsic flame retardancy, phase change capability, self-healing, and recyclability.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional PCMs in energy storage devices (ESDs).

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous integration of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into polyurethane network skeletons.
  • PEG served as the phase change material, while TBBPA provided flame retardancy and dynamic covalent bonds for self-healing and recyclability.

Main Results:

  • Synthesized FRPCMs exhibited a high latent heat of 124.7 J/g, excellent self-healing ability, and robust thermal reliability.
  • TBBPA incorporation significantly increased the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and char residue, while reducing heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR).
  • Most FRPCMs achieved a UL94 V-2 rating, indicating improved fire safety.

Conclusions:

  • The developed FRPCMs possess intrinsic flame retardancy, phase change properties, self-healing, and recyclability.
  • These advanced materials show potential for expanded applications in thermal energy storage.
  • The study presents a promising approach for creating safer and more sustainable PCMs for ESDs.