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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Invasive Species Management

Background:

  • Multiple paternity, where a female's offspring have multiple fathers, is common in many species.
  • While male benefits are clear, female benefits like 'good genes' or increased litter genetic diversity are less understood.
  • Nutria (Myocastor coypus) are invasive rodents with a polygynous mating system favoring dominant males.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and maintenance of multiple paternity in nutria.
  • To explore potential adaptive explanations for multiple paternity in female nutria.
  • To examine fetal testosterone levels in relation to paternity and male dominance.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic analysis of in-utero fetuses from culled nutria.
  • Quantification of multiple paternity incidence throughout gestation.
  • Measurement of fetal testosterone levels in relation to sire and male dominance.

Main Results:

  • High incidence of multiple paternity was observed in nutria, maintained throughout gestation.
  • Male fetuses sired by dominant males exhibited higher testosterone levels.
  • Male fetuses sired by less dominant ('rare') males had lower testosterone levels, despite being retained.

Conclusions:

  • Nutria females may maintain multiple paternity as a bet-hedging strategy to increase litter genetic diversity.
  • This strategy could be advantageous for invasive species colonizing new environments via genetic bottlenecks.
  • The observed patterns suggest a potential trade-off between litter genetic diversity and individual offspring reproductive success.