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Protective Factors for Antisocial Behavior in Youth: What is the Meta-Analytic Evidence?
Jeanne Gubbels1, Mark Assink2, Claudia E van der Put2
1Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. J.Gubbels@uva.nl.
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
|October 4, 2023
Summary
Protective factors significantly reduce youth antisocial behavior. Key factors include conservativeness, life satisfaction, positive peer relationships, and parental control, offering avenues for prevention.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Criminology
- Developmental Science
Background:
- Antisocial behavior in youth is a significant concern.
- Etiological theories emphasize both risk and protective factors.
- Knowledge regarding protective factors remains limited compared to risk factors.
Approach:
- A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of 305 primary studies.
- Inclusion of 1850 potentially protective factors, classified into 77 domains.
- Three-level meta-analysis to determine the protective effect of each domain.
Key Points:
- Fifty protective domains were identified, demonstrating a significant negative effect on antisocial behavior.
- Top protective factors include conservativeness, self-transcendence, life satisfaction, romantic relationships, mentalization capacity, peer relationships, prosocial values, agreeableness, school self-esteem, parental control, resilience, and social skills.
- The impact of some protective domains varied based on youth's age, gender, and antisocial behavior severity.
Conclusions:
- Numerous factors protect youth from antisocial behavior, offering substantial potential for interventions.
- Findings inform future research directions, assessment strategies, and the development of preventive programs.
- Understanding and leveraging these protective factors is crucial for addressing youth antisocial behavior.
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