Cardiogenic shock in pregnancy

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Cardiac disease complicates 1%-4% of pregnancies worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).
• Rising maternal age, obesity, and comorbidities like pre-eclampsia contribute to acquired cardiovascular disease in pregnancy.
• Increased survival rates for congenital heart disease (CHD) mean more women with CHD are becoming pregnant.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in the classification of cardiogenic shock (CS).
• To explore adaptations of CS classification for improved outcomes in pregnant women.
• To highlight the importance of early recognition and management of cardiac disease during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of recent developments in cardiogenic shock classification.
• Analysis of how CS classifications can be applied to pregnant populations.
• Discussion of management strategies including mechanical circulatory support (MCS).

Main Results:

• Cardiogenic shock (CS) in pregnancy is associated with significant mortality and morbidity.
• Effective management hinges on early recognition and intervention for reversible causes.
• Individualized care plans and adherence to guidelines have improved clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Adapting current CS classifications may enhance the management of pregnant women at risk.
• Prompt diagnosis and timely intervention are critical for mitigating the risks of CS in pregnancy.
• Further research into tailored CS management strategies for pregnant individuals is warranted.