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Prevalence of depression among Iranian children and adolescents: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Maedeh Bazargan1, Akram Dehghani1, Mohammad Arash Ramezani2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Najafabad Branch Islamic Azad University Najafabad Iran.

Health Science Reports
|October 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The pooled prevalence of depression in Iranian children and adolescents is 33.3%. This highlights the urgent need for effective prevention strategies to address this significant mental health concern in the youth population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Mental Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Depression is a prevalent mental disorder in children and adolescents.
  • Existing studies show high depression rates in Iran, necessitating pooled analysis for generalizability.
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis are crucial for accurate prevalence estimation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the pooled prevalence of depression among Iranian children and adolescents.
  • To update existing epidemiological data on youth depression in Iran.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of depression prevalence through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression.
  • Univariate meta-regression was used to analyze factors contributing to heterogeneity.
  • Publication bias was assessed using Beggs and Eggers tests and funnel plots.

Main Results:

  • The overall pooled prevalence of depression was found to be 33.3% (95% CI: 27.3-39.2).
  • Prevalence varied significantly by assessment tool, ranging from 9.0% (K-SADS-PL) to 57.1% (Beak questionnaire).
  • Females exhibited higher depression rates (47.2%) compared to males (30.5%), with the highest prevalence in the central region (41.7%).

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of depression in Iranian youth underscores the critical need for targeted prevention programs.
  • Public health initiatives should focus on early detection and intervention for childhood and adolescent depression.
  • Further research may explore specific risk factors and effective interventions within diverse geographical regions of Iran.
Abstract

Keywords:
Iranianchildren and adolescentsdepressionmeta‐analysisprevalence

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