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Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination in young children
Xuedi Li1, Charles D G Keown-Stoneman2,3, Laura N Anderson4,5
1Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. xuedi.li@sickkids.ca.
Insights
Older children, parental vaccination, and positive parental beliefs are linked to higher COVID-19 vaccination rates in young children. These factors can inform strategies to boost vaccine confidence and uptake.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Background:
- COVID-19 vaccination uptake in children is crucial for community immunity.
- Understanding factors influencing pediatric vaccination is essential for public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination status and timing in healthy children.
- To explore the relationship between parental beliefs and child vaccination.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study was conducted in primary care settings in Toronto, Canada.
- Parent-reported data on sociodemographics, health, and vaccine beliefs were collected.
- Interval-censored proportional hazard models analyzed vaccination time and status.
Main Results:
- 68.2% of 267 children aged 0-13 years were vaccinated.
- Older child age, parental COVID-19 vaccination, and positive parental beliefs were significantly associated with child vaccination.
- Parental positive beliefs increased vaccination rates significantly (aHR=8.29 and aHR=5.09).
Conclusions:
- Older age, parental vaccination, and positive parental vaccine beliefs are key predictors of child COVID-19 vaccination.
- Findings can guide interventions to enhance parental vaccine confidence and promote pediatric vaccination.
- Strengthening parental vaccine confidence is vital for improving child immunization rates.
Objective:
To examine factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination (time to vaccination and vaccination status) among healthy young children participating in primary healthcare.
Methods:
A cohort study was conducted between November 2021 and September 2022 through the TARGet Kids! primary care research network in Toronto, Canada. Sociodemographic information, child and parent health characteristics, parental vaccine beliefs and child COVID-19 vaccine uptake were collected through parent-reported questionnaires. The primary outcome was time to child COVID-19 vaccination, measured as the time between vaccine availability date and parent-reported child COVID-19 vaccination date. Interval-censored proportional hazard models were used.
Results:
A total of 267 children age 0 to 13 years were included. The mean child age was 7.6 years, 52.8% (n = 141) were male, 66.5% (n = 141) had mothers of European ethnicity (with missingness), and 68.2% (n = 182) of the children were vaccinated. All parents of vaccinated children had received the COVID-19 vaccination themselves. The rate of vaccination for children was 2% higher with each one-month increase in child age (adjusted HR = 1.02, 95%CI = 1.01-1.03, p < 0.001). Compared to children whose parents had uncertain beliefs, those whose parents had positive beliefs about the importance and safety of COVID-19 vaccination for their children had higher rates of vaccination (adjusted HR = 8.29, 95%CI = 4.25-16.17, p < 0.001; adjusted HR = 5.09, 95%CI = 3.17-8.17, p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Older child age, parental COVID-19 vaccination, and positive parental beliefs about COVID-19 vaccination were statistically significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccination among healthy young children. Our findings may help to inform policies, practices, and research which aim to strengthen parental vaccine confidence and promote child COVID-19 vaccination.
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