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Antibody Profiling of Dengue Severities Using Flavivirus Protein Microarrays
Pei-Shan Tsai1, Pin-Xian Du1, Batuhan Birol Keskin1
1Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
Analytical Chemistry
|October 6, 2023
Summary
A new Flavivirus protein microarray (Flaviarray) helps identify severe dengue by detecting specific IgG antibody levels. This tool aids in distinguishing dengue severity and offers insights for early prevention and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- * Virology and Immunology
- * Infectious Disease Diagnostics
- * Biotechnology
Background:
- * Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral illness, poses a global health risk, with severe forms lacking predictable markers.
- * Four dengue virus serotypes exist; sequential infections increase the risk of severe outcomes like dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome.
- * Accurate prediction and early diagnosis of severe dengue are critical for effective patient management and public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To develop a multiplexed Flavivirus protein microarray (Flaviarray) for profiling humoral immunity and cross-reactivity in dengue patients.
- * To identify potential diagnostic markers for differentiating dengue severity and patient outcomes.
- * To evaluate the Flaviarray's utility in understanding immune responses to Flaviviruses.
Main Methods:
- * Fabrication of a Flavivirus protein microarray (Flaviarray) containing 17 Flavivirus antigens, validated for reproducibility and sensitivity.
- * Collection and analysis of serum samples from healthy individuals and dengue patients with varying disease severity (mild, non-severe hospitalized, severe).
- * Profiling of serum antibodies using Flaviarrays and statistical analysis (logistic regression) to identify distinguishing markers.
Main Results:
- * The Flaviarray demonstrated high reproducibility (R-square = 0.96) and low detection limits (172-214 pg).
- * Patients with severe dengue exhibited elevated IgG levels against multiple Flavivirus antigens compared to other groups.
- * Logistic regression identified marker panels with high accuracy (AUC > 0.9) for distinguishing dengue cases from controls and severe from mild cases.
Conclusions:
- * The Flaviarray is an effective tool for profiling antibody specificities and cross-reactivity against Flaviviruses.
- * Novel diagnostic markers were identified for differentiating dengue patient outcomes, aiding clinical decision-making.
- * This technology holds promise for early detection, prevention, and treatment strategies for dengue and related Flavivirus infections.
