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Predictive factors of functional limitation after cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Patrícia da Silva Bauer1, Cassiano Teixeira1, Bruna Muller Leão1

  • 1Post-graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences of the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy
|October 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Functional limitation after cardiac surgery is common, influenced by factors like public healthcare hospitalization, older age, and comorbidities. Preoperative function is not an independent predictor.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Postoperative Outcomes
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Functional limitation frequently impacts patients post-cardiac surgery, affecting recovery.
  • Identifying predictors is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine factors predicting functional limitation in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
  • To understand the relationship between pre- and postoperative variables and functional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 548 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
  • Functional limitation assessed via performance in a cardiovascular rehabilitation protocol.
  • Multivariate analysis to identify associated predictive factors.

Main Results:

  • 34.7% of patients experienced functional limitation post-surgery.
  • Predictive factors include public healthcare admission, older age, ICU stay duration, prior myocardial infarction, comorbidities (CKD, cerebrovascular disease), expiratory muscle weakness, and cardiorespiratory arrest.
  • Preoperative functionality was not an independent predictor.

Conclusions:

  • Post-cardiac surgery functional limitation is multifactorial, influenced by various pre- and postoperative conditions.
  • Targeting identified risk factors may help mitigate functional limitation.
  • Further research can refine predictive models for better patient management.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac rehabilitationFunctional physical performanceMedical recordsPerioperative periodThoracic surgery

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