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Updated: Jul 30, 2026

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
Published on: August 14, 2015
Increased theta-low gamma phase-amplitude coupling in resting electroencephalography after intermittent theta burst
Jie Zhang1, Chunwei Ying2, Zhenying Qian3
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Objective:
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is based on the phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) pattern. We aimed to investigate the effect of iTBS on PAC in resting electroencephalography (EEG), which may provide insight into the underlying mechanism.
Methods:
Twenty-one healthy volunteers were recruited and received both active and sham neuroimaging-guided iTBS on two separate days, which was precisely delivered to the right superior temporal gyrus. On each experimental day, resting EEG was recorded before and after stimulation for each participant. PACs across electrodes and frequency bands were calculated and compared to investigate the effect of iTBS.
Results:
Theta (4-6 Hz) -low gamma (45-55 Hz) PAC over the stimulation site had a significant interaction effect, which increased after the active iTBS but did not differ after the sham iTBS. No significant interaction effect occurred in other cross-frequency couplings such as delta-low gamma, alpha-low gamma, delta-high gamma, theta-high gamma, or alpha-high gamma PAC in the region of interest.
Conclusion:
iTBS selectively modulated theta-low gamma PAC at the stimulation area, which exhibited both region- and frequency- specificity. This suggests that PAC may be a bridge connecting external neuromodulation to internal neuroplasticity.
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