Television Time, Especially During Meals, Is Associated With Less Healthy Dietary Practices in Toddlers

While several studies examine the relationship between screen time and dietary practices in children and teenagers, there is limited research in toddlers. This study evaluates the association between television (TV) exposure and dietary practices in 2-year-old children.

We conducted a cross-sectional, secondary data analysis from the Greenlight Intervention Study. Toddlers' daily TV watching time, mealtime TV, and dietary practices were assessed by caregiver report at the 24-month well-child visit. Separate regression models were used and adjusted for sociodemographic/household characteristics and clinic site.

Five hundred and thirty-two toddlers were included (51% Latino; 30% non-Latino Black; 59% ≤$20,000 annual household income). Median daily TV watching time was 42 minutes (interquartile range: 25, 60); 25% reported the TV was "usually on" during mealtimes. After adjustment, toddlers who watched more TV daily had higher odds of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food, and more junk food; those watching less TV had higher odds of consuming more fruits/vegetables. Those with the TV "usually on" during mealtimes were more likely to consume sugar-sweetened beverages (aOR 3.72 [95% confidence interval {CI} 2.16-6.43]), fast food (aOR 2.83 [95%CI 1.54-5.20]), and more junk food (aOR 4.25 [95%CI 2.71-6.65]).

Among toddlers from primarily minoritized populations and of lower socioeconomic status, those who watched more TV daily and usually had the TV on during meals had significantly less healthy dietary practices, even after adjusting for known covariates. This study supports the current American Academy of Pediatrics screen time guidelines and underscores the importance of early counseling on general and mealtime TV.