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Breastfeeding Duration and Cardiometabolic Health during Adolescence: A Longitudinal Analysis

Abeer A Aljahdali1, Alejandra Cantoral2, Karen E Peterson3

  • 1Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|October 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Breastfeeding duration showed sex-specific effects on adolescent body composition in Mexican youth. However, evidence for protection against cardiometabolic health issues was limited, suggesting further research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Breastfeeding is recognized for its health benefits, but its long-term impact on cardiometabolic health requires further investigation.
  • Understanding the relationship between breastfeeding duration and adolescent health outcomes is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the longitudinal association between breastfeeding duration and cardiometabolic health indicators in children and adolescents.
  • To explore potential sex-specific differences in these associations.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study followed 634 Mexican children and adolescents (aged 10-21 years) from a birth cohort.
  • Breastfeeding duration was prospectively recorded, and cardiometabolic risk factors, body composition, and biomarkers were assessed over time.
  • Sex-stratified linear mixed-effects models were employed to analyze the data, adjusting for relevant covariates.

Main Results:

  • Median breastfeeding duration was 7 months. Boys with 5 months of breastfeeding showed lower fat mass and higher lean and skeletal muscle mass compared to those with 2 months.
  • A positive linear trend between breastfeeding duration and trunk lean mass was observed in girls.
  • No significant associations were found between breastfeeding duration and other cardiometabolic risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding duration demonstrated sex-specific associations with body composition in Mexican adolescents.
  • Limited evidence supports a protective effect of breastfeeding against impaired cardiometabolic health during adolescence in this population.
  • Further longitudinal research with detailed breastfeeding assessments is recommended.
Abstract

Keywords:
Mexicanbody compositionbreastfeedingcardiometabolic healthchildren and adolescentslongitudinal analysisrepeated measures study design

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