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Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
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Lipids function as structural components of cellular membranes, in addition to acting as energy reservoirs and signaling molecules. They are thus crucial to all living organisms.  The three biologically important classes of lipids are triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids.
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Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
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Phosphoinositides and inositol phosphates as molecular glues.

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Structure-guided compound prioritization strategy for virtual screening identifies putative binders for the nuclear receptor LRH-1.

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A proximity-labeling map of PI5P4K phosphoinositide kinases interaction networks.

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Expression and purification of Steroidogenic Factor-1 (NR5A1) nuclear receptor ligand binding domain complexed with the signaling phosphoinositide lipid PI(3,4,5)P<sub>3</sub>.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
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Steroidogenic Factor-1 form and function: From phospholipids to physiology.

Alexis N Campbell1, Woong Jae Choi2, Ethan S Chi2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.

Advances in Biological Regulation
|October 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF-1) regulates key bodily functions and is linked to diseases like adrenal cancer. This review details SF-1

Keywords:
Ad4BP integrative structural biology of steroidogenesis and gene expressionNuclear phosphoinositide functionR255L polymorphism

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Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF-1) is a nuclear receptor crucial for endocrine system development and function.
  • SF-1 plays a vital role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and gonadal axes.
  • Dysregulation of SF-1 is implicated in diseases such as endometriosis and adrenocortical carcinoma.

Conclusions:

  • SF-1 is a key regulator in physiology and disease, especially in adrenal cancer.
  • Understanding SF-1's structural biology and regulatory network is critical for therapeutic development.
  • This review consolidates current knowledge on SF-1's form and function in health and disease.