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Renal function and cardiovascular responses during positive airway pressure
Anesthesiology
|May 1, 1979
Summary
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV) similarly reduced cardiac filling pressures and renal function. However, CPPV uniquely decreased cardiac output and increased vasopressin levels.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Renal Physiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Positive airway pressure ventilation is used to support respiration.
- Understanding its effects on cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal systems is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV).
Main Methods:
- Healthy swine were instrumented to measure hemodynamic and renal parameters.
- Arterial blood and urine were analyzed for various physiological and hormonal markers.
- Calculations included cardiac output, glomerular filtration rate, and clearances.
Main Results:
- Both CPAP and CPPV reduced expiratory left ventricular filling pressure, urinary flow, and glomerular filtration rate.
- CPPV, but not CPAP, decreased inspiratory left ventricular filling pressure, cardiac output, and increased plasma vasopressin and decreased sodium excretion.
Conclusions:
- While both ventilation strategies impact renal function similarly, CPPV exerts unique detrimental effects on cardiac output and vasopressin levels.
- These findings suggest distinct mechanisms underlying the observed renal alterations during positive airway pressure support.