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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Induction of Periodontitis via a Combination of Ligature and Lipopolysaccharide Injection in a Rat Model
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Periodontitis is associated with stroke.

Xiaodan Zheng1,2, Xin Li3,4, Juanying Zhen1,5

  • 1Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 1120 Lianhua Rd, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China.

Journal of Translational Medicine
|October 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periodontitis, a gum disease, is linked to an increased risk of stroke. Severe periodontitis nearly tripled stroke risk, while moderate periodontitis increased it by 71%.

Keywords:
InflammationPeriodontitisStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis.
  • The specific link between periodontitis and stroke has been understudied.
  • This research investigates the association between periodontitis and stroke incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between periodontitis and stroke.
  • To determine if periodontitis increases stroke risk.
  • To quantify the association between different severity levels of periodontitis and stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 6,460 participants (representing over 92 million US adults) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2014).
  • Employed precise clinical attachment level and probing pocket depth measurements to diagnose periodontitis.
  • Performed statistical analysis using complex sampling design to account for the survey's methodology.

Main Results:

  • 39.9% of participants had periodontitis; 2.1% had a stroke diagnosis.
  • Stroke risk was significantly associated with periodontitis severity (p for trend = 0.018).
  • Severe periodontitis increased stroke odds by 2.55 times (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.25-5.21), and moderate periodontitis by 1.71 times (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.17-2.50), even after adjusting for multiple risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between periodontitis and stroke in US adults.
  • Severe and moderate periodontitis are linked to substantially elevated stroke risk.
  • Improving dental health management may contribute to stroke prevention strategies.