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Novel biomolecules in targeted cancer therapy: a new approach towards precision medicine
Sandra Kannampuzha1, Reshma Murali1, Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan2
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
Abstract:
Cancer is a major threat to human life around the globe, and the discovery of novel biomolecules continue to be an urgent therapeutic need that is still unmet. Precision medicine relies on targeted therapeutic strategies. Researchers are better equipped to develop therapies that target proteins as they understand more about the genetic alterations and molecules that cause progression of cancer. There has been a recent diversification of the sorts of targets exploited in treatment. Therapeutic antibody and biotechnology advancements enabled curative treatments to reach previously inaccessible sites. New treatment strategies have been initiated for several undruggable targets. The application of tailored therapy has been proven to have efficient results in controlling cancer progression. Novel biomolecules like SMDCs, ADCs, mABs, and PROTACS has gained vast attention in the recent years. Several studies have shown that using these novel technology helps in reducing the drug dosage as well as to overcome drug resistance in different cancer types. Therefore, it is crucial to fully untangle the mechanism and collect evidence to understand the significance of these novel drug targets and strategies. This review article will be discussing the importance and role of these novel biomolecules in targeted cancer therapies.
Insights
Novel biomolecules like antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) offer new targeted cancer therapies. These advanced strategies reduce drug dosage and overcome resistance, addressing unmet therapeutic needs.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biotechnology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cancer remains a significant global health threat, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic agents.
- Precision medicine increasingly relies on targeted therapies that exploit specific molecular alterations driving cancer progression.
- Advancements in biotechnology have expanded the range of druggable targets and enabled new treatment modalities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the importance and role of novel biomolecules in targeted cancer therapies.
- To highlight emerging therapeutic strategies and their potential impact on cancer treatment.
- To underscore the need for further research into the mechanisms of novel drug targets.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes current research on novel biomolecules and targeted cancer therapy strategies.
- It examines advancements in therapeutic antibodies, small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs).
- The review discusses evidence supporting the efficacy of these novel approaches in various cancer types.
Main Results:
- Novel biomolecules, including SMDCs, ADCs, and PROTACs, are gaining significant attention in cancer research.
- These technologies have demonstrated potential in reducing drug dosage and overcoming drug resistance.
- Targeted therapies utilizing these novel agents show efficient results in controlling cancer progression.
Conclusions:
- Novel biomolecules represent a crucial advancement in targeted cancer therapy, offering new hope for patients.
- Understanding the mechanisms of these novel drug targets and strategies is essential for their optimal clinical application.
- Continued research and development in this area are vital to address unmet needs in cancer treatment.
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