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The cytoskeletal architecture can be studied using different microscopic and biochemical techniques. Electron microscopy was instrumental in discovering the cytoskeletal architecture around the 1960s, which allowed obtaining structural information at a high-resolution level. However, the sample preparation procedure often limits this ability in biological samples. Several protocols have been developed over the years to optimize sample preparation. In one of the protocols known as rotary...
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Skeletal muscle extracellular matrix structure under applied deformation observed using second harmonic generation

Niamh Hennessy1, Ciaran Simms1

  • 1Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Parsons Building, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.

Acta Biomaterialia
|October 7, 2023
PubMed
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Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy visualizes the extracellular matrix (ECM) in skeletal muscle. This technique reveals how collagen fibers reorganize under tension and compression, improving biomechanical models.

Keywords:
Extracellular matrixPerimysiumSecond harmonic generationSkeletal muscleTension-compression

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Passive skeletal muscle properties are crucial for biomechanical models.
  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture significantly influences these properties.
  • ECM structure and its deformation behavior are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy to visualize skeletal muscle ECM.
  • To investigate the realignment of ECM structures under tensile and compressive deformation.
  • To understand collagen fiber reorganization in intact muscle samples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized SHG microscopy for high-resolution imaging of muscle ECM.
  • Developed a regional relocation method to track the same ECM segment before and after deformation.
  • Examined ECM in undeformed, compressed, and tensioned states at multiple scales.

Main Results:

  • SHG microscopy provided detailed visualization of skeletal muscle ECM, particularly the perimysium.
  • Observed and imaged collagen fiber reorganization in response to tensile and compressive forces.
  • Documented the perimysium's response to a partial thickness cut under tensile load.

Conclusions:

  • SHG microscopy is effective for studying skeletal muscle ECM structure and dynamics.
  • Revealed insights into collagen fiber reorientation crucial for understanding muscle mechanics.
  • Provides a foundation for enhanced musculoskeletal modeling and simulation.