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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
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The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

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The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
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Related Experiment Video

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Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus
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Ovarian function in ewes treated with antihistamines.

S D Halterman, W J Murdoch

    Endocrinology
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Antihistamines did not prevent ovulation in ewes but impaired corpus luteum function by affecting preovulatory follicles. Histamine

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Endocrinology
    • Ovine Physiology

    Background:

    • Histamine plays a role in reproductive processes.
    • Antihistamines are H1 and H2 receptor antagonists.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of histamine in ovulation and corpus luteum (CL) function in ewes.
    • To determine the effects of antihistamines on preovulatory follicles and subsequent luteal activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Systemic and intrafollicular administration of antihistamines (diphenhydramine, cimetidine) and histamine in ewes.
    • Measurement of serum progesterone and luteinizing hormone (LH).
    • Assessment of follicular edema and plasma transudate influx.

    Main Results:

    • Antihistamine treatment did not inhibit ovulation but reduced CL function, indicated by lower progesterone levels.

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  • Intrafollicular antihistamines disrupted luteal activity, an effect reversed by histamine.
  • Antihistamines suppressed preovulatory thecal edema and LH influx into the follicle.

    • Conclusions:

    • Histamine actions within preovulatory follicles impact CL function, not ovulation itself.
    • Antihistamines affect the preovulatory follicle, influencing LH permeation and luteal response.
    • Follicular histamine may enhance LH vascular filtration, crucial for normal luteinization.