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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Hyperglycaemia aversion in type 1 diabetes: A grounded theory study.

Vicky McKechnie1,2, Nick Oliver1, Stephanie A Amiel3,4

  • 1Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.

British Journal of Health Psychology
|October 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Hyperglycaemia aversion in type 1 diabetes is driven by self-criticism and high personal standards, not just anxiety. Understanding these psychological factors can help clinicians support patients avoiding high blood glucose levels.

Keywords:
diabetes psychologyhyperglycaemiahypoglycaemiaperfectionismtype 1 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology of Diabetes Management
  • Behavioral Science in Endocrinology

Background:

  • Limited understanding of the development and maintenance of hyperglycaemia aversion.
  • Need to identify psychological factors influencing type 1 diabetes self-management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify psychological factors in hyperglycaemia aversion.
  • To understand its impact on type 1 diabetes self-management.

Main Methods:

  • Constructivist grounded theory approach.
  • Semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 18 participants.
  • Development of a theoretical model for hyperglycaemia aversion.

Main Results:

  • Self-criticism and high personal standards were key drivers.
  • Anxiety related to higher blood glucose was present but secondary.
  • Attentional processes and beliefs, particularly regarding hypoglycaemia, reinforced aversion.
  • Diabetes technology acted as a standard-raiser and critical judge.

Conclusions:

  • The model aligns with the trans-diagnostic concept of emotional over-control.
  • Provides insights for clinicians to identify and support individuals at risk of psychological distress.
  • Highlights the psychological burden associated with avoiding high blood glucose levels.