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Acquired methaemoglobinaemia in infancy associated with acute diarrhoea: A case series

Vipul Jajoo1, Sanjeevani Masavkar1, Syed Ahmed Zaki2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Tropical Doctor
|October 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Severe diarrhea in infants can lead to methaemoglobinemia, a dangerous condition where hemoglobin changes. Early suspicion and treatment are crucial for better outcomes in affected infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute diarrhoeal illness is a significant global health issue in children, causing 1.7 billion cases annually.
  • Methaemoglobinemia, an altered hemoglobin state, presents diagnostic challenges, particularly in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a series of infants who developed methaemoglobinemia following severe diarrhea.
  • To highlight the importance of suspecting methaemoglobinemia in infants with specific clinical presentations.

Main Methods:

  • Case series reporting on five infants with severe diarrhea and subsequent methaemoglobinemia.
  • Clinical observation and diagnostic evaluation of presented cases.

Main Results:

  • Five infants developed methaemoglobinemia after experiencing severe diarrhea.
  • Methaemoglobinemia presented with cyanosis disproportionate to clinical status, mimicking other conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Methaemoglobinemia should be suspected in young infants with severe diarrhea, sepsis, and unexplained cyanosis.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment, alongside managing underlying sepsis and comorbidities, are vital for favorable outcomes.

Keywords:
Methaemoglobinaemiadiarrhoeamethylene bluesepsisyoung infants

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