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Older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) show impaired proactive control, a key attention function. This finding is crucial for understanding cognitive changes beyond memory and for early Alzheimer's disease assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Attention is vital for cognitive function, yet its specific decline in older adults with cognitive decline is understudied.
  • Few studies examine attention sub-functions in older adults experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD).
  • No prior research has compared proactive and reactive attention control between healthy controls (HC) and individuals with SCD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate attention network functions (alerting, orienting, executive control) in individuals with SCD.
  • To explore potential impairments in proactive and reactive attention control modes in SCD.
  • To differentiate attention control deficits in SCD compared to healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 25 healthy controls (HC) and 26 individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD).
  • Administered comprehensive neuropsychological assessments.
  • Utilized the Attention Network Test (ANT) and Proportion Congruency Effect tasks to measure attention networks and control modes.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in alerting, orienting, or executive control between SCD and HC groups via ANT.
  • Reactive control did not differ between the SCD and HC groups.
  • Individuals with SCD demonstrated significantly poorer performance in proactive control compared to HC.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults with SCD exhibit a specific deficit in proactive attention control.
  • These findings highlight objective cognitive decline beyond memory in SCD.
  • The results support the early assessment and prevention strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD).